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Maharashtra Made Liquor (MML) Guidelines Announced to Boost Local Industry

In a move aimed at reviving underutilised liquor manufacturing units and offering consumers more affordable choices, the Maharashtra Government has formally introduced a new category of alcoholic beverage—Maharashtra Made Liquor (MML). The decision, approved by the State Cabinet in July, has now been formalised through a Government Resolution (GR) amending the Bombay Foreign Liquor Rules, 1963.

The policy positions MML as a distinct sub-category under the Indian Made Foreign Liquor (IMFL) framework. To qualify, the liquor must be grain-based and produced using rectified spirit sourced exclusively within Maharashtra.

One of the biggest attractions for producers and consumers is the reduced excise duty, 270% for MML compared to 450% for IMFL. At an assumed manufacturing cost of ₹400 per litre, IMFL retails at roughly ₹2,200 (including ₹1,800 in excise), while MML is expected to cost around ₹1,480 (with ₹1,080 excise), making it about ₹700 cheaper per litre. The government has set a minimum retail price of ₹148 for a 180 ml bottle of MML, compared to ₹205 for IMFL and ₹80 for country liquor.

Under the new guidelines, MML manufacturers must have their registered head office in Maharashtra; maintain at least 25% state-resident shareholding; avoid producing or marketing MML outside the state; and register their brands within one year. Third-party production is not allowed, though leasing of plant capacity is permitted if the facility remains dedicated to MML production. If sold outside Maharashtra or if rules are violated, the MML status will be revoked, the guidelines state.

Economic Impact

According to reports, Maharashtra currently has 48 licensed IMFL manufacturing units, but only 10 dominate production; many operate at minimal capacity just to retain their licences. The government hopes MML will revive idle plants and generate up to ₹3,000 crore in additional annual revenue. The move is part of wider excise reforms targeting ₹14,000 crore yearly collections through measures including AI-powered monitoring of production and sales; new divisional excise offices; revised duty structures, IMFL at 3× to 4.5× manufacturing cost (capped at ₹260/litre), country liquor up to ₹205 per proof litre; and higher licence fees for FL-2 (retail) and FL-3 (bars) outlets.

In 2024-25, Maharashtra excise revenue stood at ₹25,467.96 crore. Of the six excise regions, Nashik region (Nashik, Nandurbar, Dhule and Jalgaon) earned ₹6,186.82 crore; followed by Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar region (Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Beed, Jalna, and Dharashiv) at ₹5,995.07 crore; Pune region (Pune, Ahilyanagar and Sholapur) at ₹5,809.79 crore; Thane region (Mumbai City, Mumbai suburbs, Thane, Palghar and Raigad) at ₹4,513.02 crore; Kolhapur Greater Region (Kolhapur, Satara, Sangli, Ratnagiri and Sindhudurga) at ₹1,265.21 crore; Nagpur region (Nagpur, Wardha, Bhandara, Gondia, Chandrapur and Gadchiroli) at ₹874.43 crore; Nanded region (Parbhani, Latur, Nanded and Hingoli) at ₹592.73 crore; and Amravati region (Amravati, Buldhana, Akola, Washim and Yavatmal) at ₹230.09 crore.

Unlike IMFL’s foreign-style blends, MML will feature simple, traditional flavours such as orange, cumin and herbs. Popular varieties are expected to include Santra, Chandni and Sugandhi. Packaging is expected to be basic, in bottles or sachets and to be labelled “For sale only in Maharashtra”. Distribution will focus on rural and semi-urban markets, though MML will also be available in urban centres. Production is said to be undertaken by state-run units, cooperative sugar factories, and private distilleries.

By creating a regulated, lower-cost option, the government hopes MML will help curb illicit liquor trade and reduce consumption of illicit brews.

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Diageo India acquires Nao Spirits

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Diageo India has acquired Nao Spirits & Beverages, India’s craft gin makers (Greater Than and Hapusa brands), valued at Rs. 130 crores.

Diageo India (United Spirits Limited) has increased its equity stake in Nao Spirits from 30% to approximately 97.07%, making it a subsidiary of the company. With a final tranche pending, Diageo India is set to hold 100% ownership, bringing one of India’s most influential craft spirits startups fully into its fold. The transaction includes a secondary share purchase of ₹53.79 crore and a further infusion of ₹56 crore in growth capital — a strong commitment to scaling what began as a bootstrapped dream of India’s first homegrown gin.

Founded in 2017 by Anand Virmani, Aparajita Ninan and Vaibhav Singh; and later joined by Abhinav Rajput, Nao Spirits created India’s first craft gin from the ground up. From a small distillery in Goa, they distilled more than just spirits – they distilled the movement that would later be celebrated as ‘Indian Craft Spirits’. ‘Nao’, derived from the word ‘boat’ in Portuguese is a nod to Goa’s history as a trading port and a play on the English word ‘now’, capturing the spirit of a confident, modern India.

With Greater Than (2017), they introduced India to its first homegrown London Dry gin made with botanicals from around the world. With Hapusa (2018), they broke new ground with the world’s first Himalayan Dry Gin, bottling the wild spirit of the mountains with a premium, sipping gin. While Greater Than built the foundation, Hapusa gave gin a voice rooted in local flavour. Together, these helped build India’s craft gin category from scratch.

Imaginative Limited Editions

Nao Spirits launched a series of imaginative limited editions—each one crafted to stand apart, both in flavour and in form: Juniper Bomb (2020) – born from an accidental extended botanical soak that led to thrice the juniper flavour; No Sleep (2021) — India’s first coffee-infused gin; Broken Bat (2022) — the world’s first gin, aged using Kashmir Willow cricket bats; and Punk Gin (2023) – India’s first naturally infused pink gin made with real Mahabaleshwar strawberries, born from a place of rebellion.

These never-before-seen limited editions broke convention and captured attention, each bottle a celebration of India’s biodiversity, ingenuity and evolving palate.

“We started with a copper still named Agotha and a dream to make India proud. Today, we’re humbled and energised with Diageo India stepping in as a full partner and investor. Along the way, we realised that gin isn’t just about what goes into the bottle — it’s about the culture you build around it. From day one, we’ve been deeply focused on nurturing a community of bartenders, servers, and craft champions who could carry the story of Indian spirits forward in ways we never imagined. We’re proud that many of the original hands and hearts that built Nao Spirits are still with us today, and this next chapter gives us a chance to grow the culture we’ve helped shape with even greater reach and purpose. This isn’t the end of a journey, but the beginning of a new chapter; powered by the same people, the same purpose, and the same belief — that modern Indian spirits deserve their place on the world stage,” said Anand Virmani, Co-Founder & CEO, Nao Spirits & Beverages.

The original team continues to lead Nao Spirits with the same creative direction and cultural clarity that have defined its journey from the start — now supported by Diageo India’s robust distribution network, production capabilities, and leadership strength.